Boat



A. P. BRUSH Oct. 4,. 1932.

BOAT

Filed March 31, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR flldfisofi f? Brush ATTORN EY$ Oct. 4, 1932. PL BRUSH 1,880,371

BOAT I Filed March 31, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 N] U 1 [[l r I Lu J "I t t mm uk w Oct. 4, 1932.

BOAT

5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed March 31, 1930 I MII III I Q I II IIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII r .V AQ N 5 w 7 mph M N O n v H H. Mm M n w Nfl d fl M Q u MI. I I .l I I II I I I I I I I I I I I l I I I I I I I I II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I W Patented Oct. 4, 1932 an STAT s "ALANSON 1 BRUSH, or- DETROIT, MICHIGAN BOAT n nc'anon filed March 31, 1930. semi- 1105440211.

This .invention relates to boats, and par-f ticularly to. that type thereof commonly- 7 known as hydroplanes the principal object being to provide a boat of this type that will 5 have greater stability than hydroplanes heretofore constructed and will have a constant planing angle regardless of thespeed.

. In boats ofthi-s-type, which differ from the 'ordi'narydisplacement typeof boat in that! jg theydependiupon the reaction of the water against their bottomsdue to their speed to raise them sufliciently out-of the water sothat they skimalong over the top thereof rather than through the water, it has been found.

7,; necessary heretoforein order to obtain longitudinalstability oifitheb'oat-so-that it will not-jump while travelingover the water, to provide-oneor more steps nthe bottom sur- 1 face thereof, so thatwhen the boat is travelas ingover the water it has two or more distinct areas of support on the waterlongitudinally spaced from each other. Furthermore, as it is necessary for the successfuloperationof a boat of this type that it travel at a relatively high speedinaorder'that it inay'plane'suf -----:,otherwisebe-necessary tofobtain sulficient planing surface for the proper lifting orplan- 'ing ofthe boat.

lihirthermore in this type'of boat, ashereorplaning surface with respect to the water changes with the speed'ofthe boa't due to' the fact'thattherear planingsurface travels over the water which hasiimm'ediately previously been traveled over .bysthe' forward planing surface 'and such water has been displaced from its'normal level-an amount dependent upon the displacenient of thefirst-planing 1 surface in the water, which displacement is usually a-function-of the speed and other 5 characteristics of the boat. v

-Itis anotherohjectpf the presentinvention to .provide a hydr oplane so constructed as "to have az greater longitudinal stability than hydroplanes of conventional construc- 1 tion and to have a greater inherent lateral elevation of nay-improved :hyd-roplane.

shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

stability than hydroplanes of conventional construction. V r

I It is another object. of'the present invention toprovide a boat of the type described fwhich- I will have a substantially constantplaning 5 angle. regardless of the speed.

- It is another object'o f the :present invention to provide a-boatof the typedescribed having in effect ausingle continuousplaning. surface'for'contact with th e water, and which planing surface is so formed as toimpart to V the boat as great a longitudinaland lateral stability as heretofore has'been possible with ,:ap1urality of planing surfaces.

It is another object of. thepresent invention to provide a boat of thetype described in which the length of the water contact'of the boat in'planing is always greateiiithaii the length of planing Contact measuredllongh' 1 t'udinally "of the boat. Further objects will be. apparent in thefollowing, specification, reference:beingwhadto the accompanying drawings, in lwhach Fig 1 is a more or less'diagrammatic'sidew Fig. 2 is amoreor lessdiagramrnaticplan view'of the hydroplane shownin Fig: 1.

- Fig. 8 is a bow viewf-ofthehydroplane Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view-taken on the line 44; of Fig. 3/

Fig. 5 is a: stern view of "one-halfoflthe .hydroplane shown in the previouslfigure. tofore constructed, the angle 'of-the bottom 7 Fig.6 is a construction diagram ofone-i half of the boat. shown in the 'previousfigures, in. end view.

Fig. 7 is a side elevationof a modified form f of construction.

Fig- 8 is a plan view ofithe hydropla-net shown in Fig. 7. p x v Fig. 9 is a bow view ofone-halfofithe hydroplane shown in Figs. 7 and- 8; the construction-lines being shown thereon.

. Fig. 10' is'a' stern view of one half of thee? ,hydroplane shown in Figs. 7; 8 and 9.

l The present invention is equally applicable to that conventional type of"boat'havi-ng a relatively sharp bow inplanview and V- shaped as viewed from the-bow; or to thatti conventional type of boat having a rela- 109 tively square or b-lunt bow in plan view and which is of approximately inverted V'-shape in bow view. The application of the present invention to the first type of these boats is shown in Figs.1 to 6 inclusive. As indicated best in Figs. 1, 2 and 8, the boat is shown as being provided with a bow 15 and stern 16. As indicated in Fig. 2, the how 15 may be made relatively sharp, the boat widening gradually from the bow to a point preferably in the neighborhood of the stern l6 and preferably approximately two-thirds of the length of the boat from the bow, from which point its bottom may extend rearwardly at substantially constant width. The bottom of the boat is provided with a single step inclicated generally as at 17 this stepbeing of unusual construction in that each side thereof forms an acute angle with respect to the longitudinal centerline of the boat and extends from a point adjacent the bow'15, shown in the drawings as being less than one-third of the lengtn of theiboat from the bow, to the -stern, at which point the step preferably merges with the side of the boat. It will thus be apparent that this step forms in'the' bottom ofthe boat atriangular recess which extends upwardly thereinto. The bottom of the boat 18 above this recess may slope gradually downwardly towards the stern 16, but

"will necessarily terminate at the stern 16 above the plane of the bottom of the boat'at that point, as indicated in Fig. 4.

I prefer to provide a relatively large opening such as 19 connecting the foremost apex of this recess with the air above the boat in order to relieve any suction effect upon the bottom of the boat that might otherwise be present due to the planing action of the boat on the water, as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.

Although the lower edge of the step 17 may be slightly curved longitudinally of theboat,

I prefer to make the same substantially straight and lying in a single plane, which, as will hereinafter be obvious, will remain substantially parallel to the surface of the water over which the hydroplane is passing. As indicated by the construction lines in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, it will be seen that the bottom of the boat forwardly ofthe step 17 extends forwardly and upwardly from the step r 17, in a direction parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the boat, at a constant angle, to

"a point materially in advance of the corresponding point on the step 17, where it may merge as desired into the sides of the boat. It will thus be apparent thatthat portion of the bottom of the boat immediately in advance of the step 17 forms the planing surface for the boat, and this planing surface in plan view is of substantially ii-shaped formation and of a length nearly equal to the length of the boat, and of a width commensurate with the width of the boat, and that the angle of this planing surface with respect to' a horizontal plane and ma direction parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the boat is constant over the entire planing surface. It will also be apparent that the length of water contact of the boat is substantially equal to the length of the boat and will remain substantially constant regardless of the speed of the boat. It will also be apparent that the. length of planing contact of the boat with the water, by which I mean the length of contact along any line parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the boat and measuring the contact of the boat with the water on such line, will vary in accordance with the speed of the boat. It will thus be apparent that I have provided a boat having asingle or continuous planing surface of a width equal to the width of the boat and of a length substantially equal to the length of the boat, and it will be apparent that in providing such a planing surface I obtain a maximum amount of both longitudinal and lateral stability in the boat. It will also be apparent that inasmuch as the boat has but a single planing surface there will be no planing surface on the boat which must travel over water which has immediately previously been disturbed by another planing surface on the boat. As a result of this, not only is it assured that the planing surface will always travelover undisturbed water, but in traveling over the water the boat will remain on substantially the same level of keel regardless of the speed of the boat, the only variation in such case being the length of planing contact. It will further be apparent that with this construction I provide a maximum amount of longitudinal and lateral stability with a minimum amount of wetted surface, thus tending to result in more speed for given horse power than in conventional constructions.

The application of this construction to an inverted V-bottom type of boat is shown in Figs. 7 to 10, inclusive. The boat in these figures is shown as being provided'with a bow 30 of relatively great width and a stern 31 of relatively narrow width, the sides of the boatta'pering gradually from the neighborhood of the bow to the stern, although this last feature is not essential. The sides of the boat are shown as being of substantially constant height from the stern to a point adjacent the how. The bottom of the boat between the construction lines B-B is The bottom of the boat on either boat. It accordingly follows that any line on Jth'evhull andiarrangedin two branches which the bottom of the boat outside of the linesware idispos'edetransversely 'of;eachiot*her,:and

BB and lying in a vertical plane parallel botlr ofi :which'; are transverse a torthe. normal to the longitudinal centerline of the boat willw-a'direction fofrtravell 1-.

be parallel with the surface between the lines y "333:;

B-B, as illustrated by the construction lines D, E and F. It will be apparent that in this and the stern 31 form the step which is V formation in plan View and opens towards the; bow, and that any line on the planing surface thus formed extending forwardly from any point on the step and lying in a vertical plane nuousi' generally forwardlyi and upr stitnting ithe @sole: support:v forvthe: hull 1' and which is disposed at an acute anglezgreater nth anifi-fteenclegrees, avhe'nineasured.in a substanti any 1 horizent alu planes Wltll'i respect to ithe. normal ilinef'of travel. 7

- .4; Aahydr'oplane fillulli constructionhaving parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the, asingl'e continuonssforwardly. and upwardly boat will be parallel with any other such line; The result of this construction is of course exactly the same as that described in connection with the construction shown in Figs. to 6 inclusive the only difference being that in the first construction the point of the V shaped planing surface is at the bow while in the present construction the point of the V-shaped planing surface is at the stern,'theresult being the same in both cases in that the longitudinal water contact of the boat remains substantially constant regardless of;

:ii nclinecl iwater tom constituting the sole support-fortthe hull,

the "leading edgecofisziidz surface :forming an acute angle :with respect to ltll idirection tof travel and. tho-trailing edge of said surface .being -substantially:parallel to lsaid leading I1 5. 'A boatiof th'e'hydroplairetype:having a forwardly i'ancli upwardly inclined planing surface on each'zside of the. longitudinal center line of said boat extending ini plan view;

rat an acute anglegreater't-h antfifteen degrees Sp & IlIIifO-IIII p g angle is lnilinlainedw, withvrespect 'to;saidilongitudinalcenter ine.

the planing contact varies with the speed, and- 6s A :hydroplanerhull. having a -V+shaped a maximum amount of lateral and lOIlgltllClldw leegs"in,th'gibottoln.tllel'eofzequajlly disposed nal stability is provided with a minimum amount of wetted surface.

that the particular shape of the boat in plan View is relatively immaterial as long as the.

bottom of the boat is so constructed as to subv -ti l l' e si a ing stantially maintain the relation of the planing surfaces on the opposite sides of the boat described. It will also be I have described each of these boats as hav--- ing a single continuous planing surface, it is:

; 1 on eith er -parent that while.

possible by separating these, surfaces on they: w v Li aid l l in gu f e t ndi gf longitudinal centerline of the boat to provide. two distinct planing surfaces which will cooperate with each other in substantially struction shown, and yet will not have a single continuous planing surface in a technical sense of the word. I

These and other formal changes may be made in the specific embodiment of the invention described without departing from the spirit or substance of the broad invention, the scope of which is commensurate with the appended claims.

' What I claim is:

1. A hydroplane hull construction having a continuous generally forwardly and upwardly inclined planingisurface on the bottom thereof constituting the sole support for the hull and arranged in two branches which are disposed transversely of each other.

2. A hydroplane hull construct on having a continuous generally forwardly and upwardly inclined planing surface on the bottom thereof constituting the sole support for 'iwardlyuo fzisaid trailing'edgezand being in- ;-1clined iiipwairdly from the planefof-the trailthe--'iingi edge.- manner disclosed in connection wlth the con nal centerline of the hydroplane and converging in a forwardly direction, planing surfaces...

extending forwardly and upwardly with respect to said edges, and a floor lying between and above said edges.

10. A hydroplane having trailing planing surface edges forming oppositely extending r hydropl'ane hullvconstruction .having con 7 warcllyjnclined :watere'ontactingv surface conconstruction the lower edges of the sides 32? contacting sunface on aitsibot side: of :the 'longitudinal center :line 5 i xofiisald' hull, and axwplaning isurface' extend- From the IEOIEO'OHIO 1t Wlll'lx a aarcnti & C3

' acute angles with respect to the longitudinal centerline of the hydroplane and converging in a forwardly direction, planing surfaces extending forwardly and upwardly with respect to said edges, and a floor lying between and above said edges, said floor being provided with an opening adjacent the point of a convergence of said edges to admit air behind said edges.

11. A hydroplane having trailing planing edges lying substantially in a single plane and disposed at an angle with respect to each other in that plane, and planing surfaces extending forwardly and upwardly from said edges and formed at an angle to the plane'of said edges.

12., A hydroplane hull construction having a longitudinally continuous planing surface constituting the sole support for the hull, the water contact length of said planing surface, measured in the direction of the length of said hull, being greater than the length of water contact at any vertical section taken through said surface in a plane parallel to the longitudinal centerline of said hull.

13. A hydroplane hull constructionhaving a longitudinally continuous planing surface on the bottom thereof arranged in two branches which are disposed transversely of each other, said branches being located on opposite sides of the longitudinal centerline of said hull, and any line included in said surface and lying in a vertical plane parallel with said longitudinal centerline being inclined upwardly in the direction of the bow of said hull.

14. A hydroplane hull'construction having a planing-surface area including complementary surfaces on opposite sides of the longitudinal centerlineof said hull and arranged to impart a V-formation to said area in plan view with said centerline bisecting said V,'

any line included in said'surfaces and lying in a vertical plane parallel with said centera line being inclined upwardly toward the bowc of said hull.

ALANSON P. BRUSH. 

